pH Definition

📊 beginner

$$\text{pH} = -\log_{10}[\text{H}^+]$$

Measure of hydrogen ion concentration in solution.

Variables & Units

$[\text{H}^+]$

Hydrogen ion concentration

Unit: $\text{mol/L}$

Key Information

📐 Derived From

Sørensen's definition

💡 Example

$[\text{H}^+] = 1\times10^{-4}\,\text{M}$: $\text{pH} = -\log_{10}(1\times10^{-4}) = 4$ (acidic).

🔧 Applications

Water quality, biochemistry, agriculture

⚠️ Constraints

Aqueous solutions, dilute

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